Glossary

A

Automatic Trigger
Workflow action that starts automatically when predefined conditions are met
Approved (Invoice)
Status indicating that a document or value has been reviewed and approved.
Approved (Change order)
A change order that has been reviewed and formally accepted, authorizing the associated cost or scope adjustment.
Apportionment mode
The method used to allocate or distribute costs, deductions, or adjustments across invoice line items or cost categories.
Amount
Quantity on which a cost, revenue, or risk element is based.
Adjustment
Manual correction or change applied to a value, quantity, or condition.
Additional cost registration
A change order logged as an added cost to the project, capturing the financial impact for tracking and reporting before formal approval.
Actual
Actual realized value based on recorded transactions or cashflows.
Absolute Payment (Cashflow)
The sum of Paid Invoices including cash discounts
Absolute Payment (Audited)
The sum of Paid + Approved Invoices including cash discounts

B

Budget Split
Allocation of the budget across periods, phases, or categories. Splitting into a new cost element
Budget
Approved planned amount used as the baseline for controlling costs
Benchmarking
Comparison of project values or KPIs against reference projects or benchmarks.
Benchmark average
A reference value calculated from a representative dataset of comparable projects or assets, used as a standard against which individual costs, performance, or metrics can be measured and compared.
Benchmark
Reference value used to compare project performance.
Bell Curve
Distribution shaped around a peak period, with lower values before and after
Base date
Latest version edit date

C

Custom KPI
User-defined KPI created for project-specific reporting needs.
Current Value
Most recent reported or calculated value for the selected KPI or metric.
Costs
All planned, or actual budget items for a project
Cost to Complete
Difference between forecast and the commissioned contract value
Cost per m2 GEA
Cost value per square meter of gross external area.
Cost Group
A single calculation element of the type "Group"
Cost Element
A single calculation element of the type "Cost"
Cost Code
A unique identifier for a single cost item within a project's cost structure. It can also be a revenue, risk or finance
Contracted
Total of all main contracts and change orders with the status “Commissioned” or “Optional”
Contract Titles
Names or labels used to identify contracts (Main Contracts, Change orders, Reserve)
Contract Budget
Sum of the assigned budget to a contract or commitment
Contract
Legally binding agreement governing scope, value, and terms.
Construction Progress
Current progress of construction works compared with the plan.
Construction cost indexation
The adjustment of construction costs over time using a published index to reflect changes in labor, material, and market conditions.
Constant
Distribution in which the same value is assigned to each period.
Committed
Total of all main contracts and change orders with the status “Commissioned”
Commitments
Total of values that have already been committed or awarded.
Commitment
Value that is already contractually committed or reserved against the budget.
Commissioned
Formally instructed, released, or authorized contract for execution.
Claim
The amount claimed under the contract.
Change Orders
Changes to an existing contract that adjust scope, value, schedule, or terms.
Catalogs
Central master lists used to classify, structure, and reuse project data.
Cashflow
Time-based view of incoming and outgoing payments.
Cash discount deadline
Last date on which an early-payment discount can be taken.
Cash discount date
Date until which a cash discount can still be applied.
Canceled
A change order that has been withdrawn or voided before completion, removing it from active consideration.

D

Due date deadline
Final date by which a payment must be made.
Due date
Date when payment becomes due.
Document Workflow
A workflow that can create an invoice after reading an uploaded invoice document
Distribution Type
Distribution of a value over time or across project phases.
Distribute Invoice
Function used to allocate an invoice across contracts or recipients.
Discounts
Reductions applied to a base price or contract sum, typically granted for early payment, bulk purchases, long-term agreements, or negotiated concessions.
Discount
Reduction applied to a gross amount before settlement.
Difference (Cashflow)
The difference between forecast and the cashflow absolute payment
Difference (Audited)
The difference between forecast and the audited absolute payment
Deviation
Difference between a current value and its comparison or target value.
Design
Status or progress of the design and planning phase.
Delivery Phases
Planned phases used to structure the delivery and execution of the project.
Degressive
Distribution in which values decrease over time.
Defects and audit retentions
Portions of payment withheld from a contractor to ensure remediation of defects identified during a defects liability period or following a post-completion audit. Released once issues are resolved and verified.
Deduction
An amount subtracted from a gross invoice or contract sum, such as retentions, discounts, prior payments, or contractual set-offs, to arrive at the net amount payable.
Deduction
Amount subtracted from an invoice, payment, or calculated value.
Debt Capital
Borrowed capital used to finance the project.
Date of Commission
Date when the contract commissioning or formal instruction was issued.
Date of audit
Date when the invoice or document was audited or checked.
Date of approval
Date when the invoice or document was approved.

E

External Forecast
Forecast imported or maintained outside PROBIS and used as a comparison or planning value. (Contract Forecast)
External code
Reference code from an external system or source.
Expected
Expected or probable value based on current assumptions.
Exemption
A formal release from an obligation, charge, or requirement that would otherwise apply — for example, tax exemptions, levy exemptions, or exclusions from specific regulatory or contractual provisions.
Exemption
Exclusion from a tax, charge, retention, or other obligation.
ES
Elevator Stops
Equity XIRR
Annualized internal rate of return on equity based on irregular equity cashflows.
Equity Ratio
Share of equity in the total project financing.
Equity
Own capital invested in the project.
Early Settlement
Early payment usually linked to a cash discount benefit.

F

Funds
Available funding sources or financial means assigned to the project.
FP
Final Payment. The last payment that fully settles all outstanding amounts under a contract, issued after all contractual conditions have been met and accepted.
Forecast
Total of all costs incurred and expected in the future
Final invoice
Last invoice that closes the commercial settlement of a contract.
FAR
Floor Area Ratio, i.e. the ratio of floor area to plot area.
FAC
Facade area or facade-related measurement

G

GV
Gross Volume
Guarantees
Guarantee, bond, or security amounts linked to a contract.
GIA
Gross Internal Area
GEA
Gross External Area

H

History
A chronological record of all changes, actions, or transactions applied to a document or dataset, providing a full audit trail of what was modified, and when.

I

Invoiced
Amount that has already been invoiced.
Invoice Workflow
A workflow that can manage an invoice. It should be linked to the contract first
Invoice to Contract ratio
Ratio of invoiced value to total contract value.
Invoice recipient
Person, company, or entity to whom the invoice is addressed.
Invoice number
Unique identifier of an invoice.
Invoice date
Date when the invoice was issued.
Invoice cover sheet
A summary page attached to an invoice that consolidates key details — invoice number, date, project reference, parties, amount due, and payment terms for easy processing and approval.
Invoice Batch Workflow
A workflow that can manage a group of invoices at the same time
Invoice
Invoice amount that has been paid incl. deduction.
Insurance
Coverage obtained to protect against defined risks during a project or ownership period, including construction all-risks, professional indemnity, public liability, property, and latent defects insurance. Premiums are typically factored into project costs.
Insurance
Insurance amount, coverage, or insurance-related position linked to the invoice
Inflation
Expected increase in prices, costs, or revenues over time used in planning and forecasting.

L

Levies
Mandatory charges imposed by a government authority or industry body, often tied to construction activity (e.g., training levies, infrastructure levies, or development contributions).

M

Milestones
Key dates or events that mark important progress points in the project.
Measurement System
Standardized system of area, volume, and quantity measurements used across the project. (Metric/Imperial)
Manual
Distribution entered manually by the user
Main Contracts
Primary contracts awarded for the main scope of the project.

N

NIA
Net Internal Area

O

Optional
Not yet committed and only included as an optional value or scope.
Open Change Orders
Total of all change order titles with status not equal to “commissioned”
Offer Confirmation
Confirmation that an offer has been accepted or validated.
Offer
Commercial offer or quotation submitted for review or award.

P

Project XIRR
Annualized internal rate of return of the project based on irregular cashflows.
Plot
Land plot or site area of the project.
Planned revenues
Expected revenues planned for the project.
Planned Main Contracts
Total of all main contract titles with status “Optional” and “Expected”
Planned Costs incl. Risks
Planned costs including allowances for identified risks.
Plan
Planned value used as the baseline for future periods.
Permission groups
User groups with defined permissions for viewing, editing, approving, or creating data.
Pending
Status indicating that review, approval, or payment is still outstanding.
Payment to Contract Ratio
Ratio of paid value to total contract value.
Payment Status
Current payment state, for example pending, approved, or paid.
Payment date
Date when the invoice was paid
Payment
Amount that has actually been paid
Partial Invoice
Invoice for only part of the total contracted or delivered scope.
Partial final invoice
Invoice that settles a final part of the scope while other parts remain open.
Parent Cost Code
A higher-level code that groups and summarizes one or more child codes and elements beneath it
Paid + Approved
Total of all invoices with the status “Approved” and “Paid” based on the absolute payment value.
Paid
Status or value indicating that payment has been completed.
PA
Pit Area

R

ROI
Return on Investment.
ROE
Return on Equity.
Risk
A potential change order that has been identified but not yet confirmed, representing a possible future cost impact that is being monitored or assessed.
Revenue per m2 GEA
Revenue value per square meter of gross external area.
Retention
A portion of payment withheld from a contractor until specified contractual obligations are met
Retention
Withheld amount of the invoice value.
Rest Budget
Portion of the budget that is still available after considering commitments
Reserve
Contingency amount set aside for risks, uncertainties, or pending scope.
Rental Surface
Area available or intended for rental.
Release Status
Current approval or release state of an invoice or document.
Rejected
A change order that has been reviewed and declined, with no cost or scope impact applied to the project.
Regressive
Distribution in which values increase over time.
Regional factor
A multiplier that adjusts baseline metrics to reflect local market, enabling fair comparison across geographic locations.
Reference Cost Code
A code linked to a standardized classification system used for benchmarking or reporting
Received
A change order that has been submitted and acknowledged, awaiting review and decision.
Receipt Date
Date when the invoice or document was received.

S

Surcharges
Additional charges added to a base price to cover specific costs or conditions, such as expedited delivery, difficult site access, hazardous work, or market-driven cost increases.
Subsidies
Grants or subsidies received for the project.
SPVs
Special Purpose Vehicles used as dedicated legal entities for a project or investment structure.
SOI
Site Occupancy Index used to measure the occupancy or utilization of the plot.
Snapshot
A read-only capture of a document or dataset at a specific moment in time, preserving its exact state for reference, reporting, or comparison purposes.
Single invoice
Invoice issued for the full billed amount in one document.
Service Charge
Additional utility costs billed with the contract.
Security retentions
Amounts withheld from progress payments as financial security to guarantee the contractor's performance and completion of contractual obligations. Typically released in stages, such as at practical completion and end of the defects period.
Scenario
An alternative configuration of data or assumptions used to model and compare potential outcomes, such as cost variations, design options, or market conditions, without altering the base case.
Sales & Rentals
Status or performance of sales and rental activities in the project.

T

Transmitted
Status indicating that a document has been sent or forwarded.
Transaction Plan
Planned sequence and timing of expected commercial or contractual transactions.
Total Profit
Total profit resulting from revenues minus costs.
Total Contract
Total contract value for commissioned main contracts and change orders.
Term
Definition
Tax Rate
Applicable tax percentage used for contracts or invoices

U

Utilization total
Overall utilized share of the available contract, budget, or guarantee value.
Unit Price
Price per unit used to calculate the total value of an element
Unit
Unit of measure used for a quantity, such as m², piece, or lumpsum.

V

Version
A distinct, saved iteration of a document or dataset at a specific point in its development, allowing earlier states to be referenced, compared, or restored as changes occur over time.

W

Warranty retentions
Funds retained to cover potential claims under warranty obligations, ensuring the contractor remains financially accountable for defects or failures arising within the warranty period.

#

Δ%
Delta represented as a percentage Δ% = Δ/budget
Δ (Forecast - Payment)
Difference between the latest forecast and the actual payment.
Δ
The difference between the forecast and budget
% Ratio Benchmark
Benchmark shown as a percentage ratio.